While every film school is different and will have its own catalog of courses to showcase its professors, unique disciplines, favorite emphasis and such there are some classes that every respectable film school offers simply because it is curriculum that needs to be taught in order to learn and be successful in the industry.
Introduction to Storytelling
This class will be called a million different things but the basic gist is that this will be your absolute first class, I mean the first thing you let you do before you ever pick up a camera or even enter a soundstage. This class teaches you about stories; what makes them work, why they work, how to craft stories and ways to tell stories. This might sound like a writing class but what makes it a film class is all this related to film, how to tell a story through a visual medium.
Film History
The most boring class you will ever take in film school. Long hours of watching everything from silent films to art noir that is difficult to understand. Then you write papers analyzing each film. Boring, yes. But necessary because you do learn quite a bit. You understand the development of the art form and appreciate the storytelling techniques started by the early master and innovators.
Production Management
The business side of production. You will learn how to schedule and budget a film, two skills very important to understanding filmmaking and what you realistically can and cannot do when you start making movies of your own. This course is crucial to ace if you want to be a producer because it's all about making things feasibly work.
Screenwriting 101
The basics of writing a script. You learn how to format a script and outline a feature, not too much else in the beginning. You have to take intermediate and advanced classes to actually write a full feature script or teleplay.
Directing 101
Exactly as stated, the basics of how to direct. Not much more to say about that.
Editing Basics
You learn how to import footage, organize and sort it as well as actually splice it and add transitions. There are lots of techniques and tricks you'll learn in more advanced courses.
Cinematography
The beginner courses are all about learning to shoot a still camera image and how to measure light as well as calculate the angles and light range for different aspect ratios and types of film.
Sound Engineering
Sound is a tricky medium and you will need some actual training to hear correctly. You will also learn all about microphones, sound effects and recording techniques.
Industry Insiders
If you're lucky your film school will have an industry insiders class where industry professionals come in weekly and give lectures, screen films and answer questions.